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941.
942.
943.
杂交水稻区域试验非平衡资料产量性状的分析 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
对1991-1992年全国籼型杂交水稻区域试验中15个迟熟组新组合在22个参数试点的汇总资料,运用朱军等提出的作物品种区域试验非平衡资料的统计分析方法,进行了产量性状的稳定性分析,并选择了不同地区选送的组织进行线性对比。 相似文献
944.
P. Van Dijk C. Cuperus 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1989,95(6):343-356
When testing the response of species of the genusNicotiana to 14 isolates of potato viruses A (PVA), X (PVX) and Y (PVY) and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), sections and section parts of the genus could be divided into five groups according to the overall reaction of their species. Species from arid regions of australia and belonging to the sectionSuaveolentes (subgenusPetunioides) were most sensitive and least resistant, whereas the sectionsPaniculatae (subgenusRustica),Tomentosae (Tabacum) andNoctiflorae (Petunioides) appeared least sensitive and most resistant. Sixty-one percent of the accessions of the latter sections proved resistant to at least two of the viruses. The most resistant species have their main geographical distribution in the central Andes (southern Peru, Bolivia and north-western Argentina), where the viruses may have originated. One other resistant species wasN. africana (Suaveolentes) indigenous to south-western Africa. The most sensitive American sections, viz.Genuinae (Tabacum) andTrigonophyllae, Alatae, Acuminatae andBigelovianae (Petunioides), were generally more sensitive than species of theSuaveolentes section from outside the arid regions of Australia. The remaining part of the genus, viz. the American sectionsThyrsiflorae andRusticae (Rustica) andUndulatae, Repandea andNudicaules (Petunioides) was intermediate between the latter group ofSuaveolentes species and the resistant group of sections with regard to sensitivity and resistance, but had a high rate of tolerance to PVA, PVX and PVY and of hypersensitivity-associated resistance to TMV. The results indicate that the viral respons in the genusNicotiana is mainly determined geographically and to a lesser extent taxonomically.Samenvatting Na inoculatie van een grote collectieNicotiana-soorten met 14 isolaten van de aardappelvirussen A (PVA), X (PVX) en Y (PVY) en tabaksmozaïekvirus (TMV), konden de secties of sectiedelen van het genus op basis van de gemiddelde reactie van hun soorten in vijf groepen worden verdeeld. Soorten uit Australische woestijngebieden en taxonomisch behorend tot de sectieSuaveolentes (subgenusPetunioides) bleken het meest gevoelig en het minst resistent, terwijl de sectiesPaniculatae (subgenusRustica),Tomentosae (Tabacum) enNoctiflorae (Petunioides) het minst gevoelig en het meest resistent waren. Van de collectienummers van de laatstgenoemde secties bleek 61% resistentie tegen minstens twee van de virussen te bezitten. De meest resistente soorten hebben hun verspreidingsgebied vooral in het centrale deel van het Andesgebergte (het zuidelijk deel van Peru, Bolivia en noord-westelijk Argentinië). Mogelijk is dit het ontstaansgebied van deze virussen. De einge andere resistente soort wasN. africana (Suaveolentes) uit zuid-westelijk Afrika. De meest gevoelige Amerikaanse secties, te wetenGenuinae (Tabacum) enTrigonophyllae, Alatae, Acuminatae enBigelovianae (Petunioides), waren gemiddeld gevoeliger danSuaveolentes-soorten die niet uit de Australische woestijnen afkomstig zijn. Het resterende deel van het genus, bestaande uit de Amerikaanse sectiesThyrsiflorae enRusticae (Rustica) enUndulatae, Repandae enNudicaules (Petunioides), stond met betrekking tot gevoeligheid en resistentie tussen laatstgenoemd deel van de sectieSuaveolentes en de groep resistente secties in, maar vertoonde in hoge mate tolerantie voor PVA, PVX en PVY en met overgevoeligheid samengaande resistentie voor TMV. Uit de resultaten blijkt dat de reacties van het genusNicotiana op virussen vooral geografisch bepaald zijn en in mindere mate taxonomisch. 相似文献
945.
The morphological basis of resistance to the whiteflyBemisia tabaci Genn. (Aleyrodidae: Hemiptera) was studied. The plant characters examined were leaf area, thickness of leaf lamina, hair
density, hair length, angle of insertion of leaf hair, and density of gossypol glands. Hair density and leaf thickness were
positively correlated with the population ofB. tabaci, and a positive correlation was obtained between the adult whitefly population and gossypol glands on stem internodes. Cotton
genotype USA-22 (sparsely hairy) was found to be more tolerant toB. tabaci than was genotype USA-13 (velvety hairy). The use of thinner and glabrous leaved cotton varieties is suggested to minimize
the whitefly menace in cotton. 相似文献
946.
实验室笼内研究表明,容器水面覆盖细绿萍可阻止库蚊在其中产卵,但对中华按蚊产卵无显著作用。1987年在湖南桂东县对放养细绿萍的稻田观察结果,库蚊(主要是三带喙库蚊)幼虫密度明显比对照田为低,而且随着覆盖面积比例扩大而下降率愈大,当覆盖面积达到95%时,平均下降率达78.96%,但对按蚊幼虫密度下降率甚微,这与实验室观察结果相符。在桂东县,养萍稻田每亩可收鲜萍1500-2000公斤,可用作禽畜饲料或其他作物基肥。养萍稻田也可使稻谷增产8%左右。由于养萍既可减少库蚊幼虫孳生,也有较好的经济效益,是在稻田蚊虫综合治理中值得采用的方法之一。 相似文献
947.
E. Donahaye 《Phytoparasitica》1990,18(3):189-202
Adult populations of the red flour beetle,Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), were exposed for 40 generations to an atmosphere containing 99.5% N2 and 0.5% O2 at 95% RH, in order to select a strain resistant to the low oxygen concentration (LOC) atmosphere. Selection pressure was
maintained at between 50% and 70% mortality. At the 40th generation comparison of sensitivity between the selected strain
and the original non-selected strain indicated a resistance factor at the 50% mortality level (LT50) of x 5.2. However, throughout
the selections, log-time against probit-mortality curves remained roughly parallel from generation to generation and the slope
remained low. These findings indicate a multiplicity of genetic factors that at a high level of selection contribute together
towards an adaptation of the insects to survival in the LOC atmosphere. Removal of selection pressure from a sub-population
of the selected strain from the 13th to 21st generation revealed that resistance was partially retained with a decrease in
resistance factor of 23%. Although the study revealed that the insects were able to develop a strain resistant to hypoxia,
exposures were at 95% RH to minimize the desiccation effect. This does not reflect field situations, where ambient relative
humidities are generally below 70%. 相似文献
948.
949.
950.
稻瘟菌水平抗性稳定性的研究——品种与小种适合度的分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在温室条件下,对9个无垂直抗性基因粳稻品种×8个日本标准稻瘟菌株组合测定了侵染几率(IP)、病斑型比例(PB)、病斑扩展速率(LR)和产孢能力(SPC)组分,并据此确定了品种与小种的适合度。方差分析结果表明,除SPC的互作项外,其它组分及类型,方差均达到显著或极显著水平。但品种和小种主效应所占方差更大,从而证实了品种的抗性类型为水平抗性。某些品种在IP、PB及LR组分上反映了小种的专化作用,但因为不同品种在各组分上的抗性反应不同,因此,品种水平抗性的稳定性不能由组分的小种专化作用确定,而须由各组分组成的适合度的小种专化性确定。对品种X小种的适合度进行了互作的多重比较,未发现专化性互作,说明供试品种的水平抗性是稳定的。 相似文献